Increasing carbohydrate intake while decreasing that of fats, is associated with higher hypoglycaemia risk. In conclusion, refraining from alcohol intake is a preventable risk factor for DKA, while higher fibre intake seems rather protective. Substituting carbohydrates for fats was associated with increased risk for hypoglycaemia hospitalisation (B = 1.361, 95% CI = 1.031–1.795, p = 0.029), while substituting alcohol for carbohydrates (B = 1.644, 95% CI = 1.006–2.685, p = 0.047) or proteins (B = 2.278, 95% CI = 1.038–4.999, p = 0.040) increased the risk for DKA hospitalisation. Data were available from 1391 participants, 28 (2.0%) and 55 (4.0%) of whom were hospitalised due to DKA or hypoglycaemia, respectively. Analyses were conducted with and without macronutrient substitution. Data on DKA and hypoglycaemia hospitalisations, within two years of dietary assessments, were obtained from registries. Food records were used to assess dietary intake.
We investigated the association between diet and risk of hospitalisation for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes.
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